Dry eye syndrome can affect anyone. However, as one ages the likelihood of developing dry eye syndrome increases. For example, the condition affects about 7 people out of 100 in their 50s but 15 out of 100 in their 70s. This because the rate of tear production decreases as we age.

Dry eye syndrome affects women in greater numbers than it does men. People who are taking certain medications may also develop dry eye syndrome as a side effect to their medication. The following medications may lead to dry eyes;

• Diuretics (water tablets)

• Antidepressants

• Antihistamines

• The contraceptive pill

• Such beta blockers as propranolol and atenolol

• Some eye drops used to treat other eye conditions

Dry eye syndrome may also develop out of a more general disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjogren’s syndrome. It may also evidence itself as a result of damage to the outer part of the eye caused by injury, disease or surgery.

Lifestyle factors can also lead to dry eye syndrome. The following prolonged activities may put a person at risk for developing dry eye syndrome;

• Prolonged staring at a computer screen

• Long periods of reading without blinking

• Living and working in dry places

• Wearing contact lenses that absorb fluids

• Following a diet that fails to provide sufficient amounts of essential fatty acids or anti-inflammatory foods.

• Droopy eyelids

• Autoimmune disorders like diabetes, arthritis, lupus and Sjogren’s syndrome.

For some people, especially the young, there is no apparent cause for dry eye syndrome.